A criticism of two articles on Aristotle's imagination

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                            [a] => This article deals  with the subject of phantasia  in Aristotle  starting from the articles  of Malcolm  Schofield  ("Aristotle on the Imagination")  and Martha Nussbaum  ("The Role of Phantasia in Aristotle's  Explanation  of Action"). The former  construes  phantasia as a faculty  complementing  perception within anomalous  experiences  wherein our perceptual  apparatus does not function well, experiences called by the author "non-paradigmatic  sensorial experiences". The latter asserts that phantasia  is, in Aristotle, a function complementary  of perception and of thought,  which makes possible  that the objects thereof attain  a full sense,  such that they motivate  animal motion. For her, phantasia is the complement  of aisthesis  -by itself a passive  faculty- allowing us to have  experience of objects and not only perception  of sense data. Here it is suggested, instead,  to begin with an impartial analysis of the different contextual meanings of "phantasia".  Following  this method, the next three meanings  of "phantasia"  emerge as preeminent:  l) it is the faculty of subjective presentations;  2) it is the faculty  of quasi-perceptual  experiences; 3) it is the presentative faculty,  i.e. the faculty  of conscious  contents  considered  only as presentations to consciousness. The conclusion  is drawn that meaning 3) seems to be the most important, in such a way that the other two may  be understood  in connection with this one.  Thus phantasia would be the faculty of presentations  not of the external  object itself  (the ones  furnished by perception),  but as mere  contents  of consciousness considered  uncertain  or entirely subjective.
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                            [g] => Nº 13,  1989,  pags. 7-44
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