Vokaaliharmonian omaksuminen.

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                            [a] => Tässä tutkimuksessa yritettiin selvittää sekä spontaanin puheaineiston että testauksen avulla, miten vokaaliharmonia (VH) omaksutaan. Tulokset osoittavat, että pienet lapset tuottavat VH:n vastaisia sananmuotoja ja he erehtyvät joskus suffiksin vokaalin valinnassa. He myös ääntävät etu- ja takavokaalien lisäksi keskivokaaleja. Mitkään tietyt testisanojen vokaalikombinaatiot eivät osoittautuneet toisia huomattavasti helpommiksi tai vaikeammiksi. Selviä foneettisia tai fonologisia syitä VH:n vastaisiin muotoihin ei ollut mahdollista havaita, mutta vahva tendenssi näytti vallitsevan takavokaalien suuntaan. Vaikka VH helpottaa ääntämystä, se ei näytä olevan mikään synnynnäinen periaate, jonka lapset omaksuisivat ilman että heidän tarvitsisi prosessoida sitä. VH:n periaatteet siis opitaan.Avainsanat: kielen omaksuminen, lapsenkieli, suomi, vokaaliharmoniaThere are eight vowels in the Finnish phoneme invemory: three back vowels, a, 0 and u, and five from vowels, e, i, ä, yand ö. Their usage is governed by vowel harmony (VH), which means that from vowels cannot be combined with back vowels in a word, except eand i, which can be considered neutral in this sense. Suffixes obey VH, for example maa+ssa, sää+ssä. If a word stern consists of neutral vowels only, sufftxes usefront vowels, for example kive+ä, keli+llä. The aim of this study was ta find answers to the following questions: 00 monolingual Finnish children produce wordforms against VH? Do Finnish children follow the same path acquiring the VH as Hungarian children? Both spontaneous and experimental speech data of monolingual children were used. The results show that children do produce words against VH. They also erred sometimes in choosing the right suflix vowel. 1n addition to front and back vowels, they produced even mid vowels. This was not found in the respective Hungarian study. The results ofboth spontaneous speech and experimental data did not reveal any vowel combinations to be dearly easier or more difficult than others. No dear phonetic or phonological reasons for the difficulties were seen, but a tendency for back vowels was prevailing. This tendency was found also in the youngest children's speech in the Hungarian study. On the basis of this study it seems that, although a very fundamental characteristic facilitating pronunciation, VH is not an inherent principle acquired without processing it, but is rather learned litde by litde. It seems to require deautosegmentalization to become language specific, in this case Finnish specific.Keywords: child language, Finnish, language acquisition, vowel harmony.
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